|
| |
Japanese Terminology
| age |
rising |
| age zuki |
rising punch |
| age uke |
rising block |
| ai |
harmony; join; fit |
| aiki |
aligning one's ki with that of an
opponent; literally, "harmonized inner energy" |
| aikido |
martial art derived from Aiki Jujitsu but
which places more emphasis on spiritual development; founded by
Morihei Ueshiba in the early 20th century |
| aiki
jujitsu |
style of JuJitsu which places emphasis on
blending, yielding and Joint Manipulation |
| ashi |
foot; leg; |
| ashi
guruma |
leg wheel; throw in judo |
| ashi
hishigi |
leg crush |
| ashi kubi |
ankle; literally, "neck of the leg" |
| ashi
kubi hishigi |
ankle crush |
| ashi waza |
foot and leg techniques |
| atemi |
striking the body |
| atemi waza |
body-striking techniques |
| bu |
military; martial |
| budo |
martial arts of late medieval and post-medieval Japan emphasizing
spiritual, health, and sport aspects over combat and self-defense;
literally, "martial way" |
| budokai |
martial way organization |
| bunkai |
application of form |
| bushi |
warrior class of medieval Japan |
| bushido |
unwritten moral and ethical code of conduct practiced by the
bushi; literally, "way of the warrior" |
| bujitsu |
fighting arts of the warrior class of medieval Japan; literally,
"martial techniques" or "martial arts" |
| dan |
degree or step; in Japanese martial arts, used for black belt ranks
|
| do |
way |
| dojo |
exercise hall; the place where one practices the martial arts |
| gaeshi |
counter; reversal |
| gake |
Hook |
| gi |
uniform for practicing martial arts |
| go |
five |
| godan |
fifth degree; fifth degree black belt |
| gohon |
five long cylindrical objects |
| gohon nukite |
five-finger spear-hand strike |
| gokyu |
fifth class |
| gyaku |
reverse; opposite |
| gyaku zuki |
reverse punch (opposite-side hand and leg) |
| gyaku juji jime |
reverse cross choke |
| jitsu |
technique, art |
| jodan |
upper; shoulder-level or above |
| jodan juji uke |
high X-block |
| joseke |
upper seat |
| ju |
1. ten |
| 2. gentle; soft; pliant |
| judan |
tenth degree; tenth degree black belt |
| judo |
sport martial art featuring throwing; founded by Jigoro Kano
in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; literally, "gentle way" |
| judoka |
practitioner of Judo |
| juji |
cross |
| juji gatame |
cross lock |
| jujitsu |
self-defense martial art based on grappling and throwing; literally,
"gentle technique" |
| jujitsuka |
practitioner of Jujitsu |
| juji uke |
x-block; literally, "cross block" |
| kami |
2. upper body; top |
| kami shiho gatame |
upper four-direction hold |
| kani sute |
crab sacrifice; another name for kani basami |
| kani basami |
crab scissors; flying scissors throw |
| kansetsu |
knuckle or joint |
| kansetsu waza |
joint-locking techniques |
| kata |
1. stylized form; pre-arranged techniques used to practice many
martial arts |
| 2. shoulder |
| 3. one-sided; one (of two) |
| kata gatame |
shoulder hold |
| kata guruma |
shoulder wheel throw |
| kata juji jime |
half cross choke |
| kataha jime |
single wing choke |
| katame |
hardening; fortifying; tightening; |
| katame waza |
grappling techniques |
| kesa |
scarf; in particular, the scarf of a Buddhist monk |
| kesa gatame |
scarf hold |
| ki |
inner energy; spirit |
| kiai |
loud shout or yell which focuses one's ki when
striking hard; literally, "harmonized inner energy" |
| kiba |
horse-riding |
| kiba dachi |
horse stance; literally, "horse-riding stance" |
| kiotsuke |
to command someone to pay attention |
| ko |
minor; sometimes used for small |
| kokutsu |
backward leaning |
| kokutsu dachi |
back stance; literally, "backward leaning stance" |
| koryu |
traditional schools of Japanese martial arts; literally, "ancient or
old stream" |
| koshi |
1. hip; waist; loin |
| koshi guruma |
hip wheel throw |
| kosoto gake |
minor outer hook throw |
| kosoto gari |
minor outer reap throw |
| kouchi gari |
minor inner reap throw |
| ku |
nine |
| kubi |
neck |
| kudan |
ninth degree; ninth degree black belt |
| kuruma (guruma) |
wheel |
| kuzure |
broken; collapsed |
| kuzure kesa
gatame |
broken scarf hold |
| kuzushi |
unbalancing (there are eight directions of unbalancing, corresponding
to the eight directions of the compass) |
| kyu |
class; grade; rank; in Japanese martial arts, used for ranks under
black belt |
 |
|
| randori |
free practice or sparring |
| rei |
bow |
| rokkyu |
sixth class ;
also spelled rokyu or rokukyu |
| roku |
six |
| rokudan |
sixth degree; sixth degree black belt |
| ryu |
a style of school in Japanese martial arts; literally, "stream" |
| tachi |
1. stance; standing |
| tachi waza |
standing techniques (techniques done from the standing position) |
| tai |
the body |
| tai otoshi |
body drop throw |
| tama |
ball; sphere |
| tanden |
point just below the navel |
| tani |
valley |
| tani otoshi |
valley drop throw |
| tanto |
knife |
| tatami |
a rice straw mat commonly used in traditional Japanese homes to
soften the hard wooden floors; also used in some Japanese martial arts to
provide a relatively soft surface to take hard falls |
| tate |
vertical |
| tate zuki |
boxer's jab; literally, "vertical punch" |
| tatsumaki |
tornado; whirlwind; literally, "dragon roll" |
| tatsumaki jime |
dragon choke; literally, "dragon roll choke" |
| te |
hand |
| te waza |
hand techniques |
| tei |
bottom |
| tekubi |
wrist; literally, "neck of the hand" |
| tekubi tori |
wrist pull |
| tettsui |
iron hammer |
| tettsui uchi |
hammer-fist strike; literally, "iron hammer strike" |
| tomoe |
comma-like design or shape |
| tomoe nage |
circular throw; literally, "comma-like throw" |
| tora |
tiger |
| tora nage |
tiger throw |
| tori |
pull; grab; grasp; take; take away; in Japanese martial
arts, the one who performs or demonstrates ("takes") a technique |
| tsuki |
thrust; punch; |
| tsukuri |
stepping into the throw |
| tsuri |
to lift up |
| tsuri goshi |
lifting hip throw |
| tsurikomi |
lifting and pulling up in a circular motion |
| tsurikomi goshi |
lifting pulling hip throw |
| zen |
1. Japanese sect of Buddhism which places heavy emphasis on
meditation and which significantly influenced the Japanese martial arts
|
|
| zenkutsu |
forward leaning |
| zenkutsu dachi |
front stance; literally, "forward leaning stance" |
Counting 1-10
| 1 |
ichi |
| 2 |
ni |
| 3 |
san |
| 4 |
yon, shi |
| 5 |
go |
| 6 |
roku |
| 7 |
shichi |
| 8 |
hachi |
| 9 |
ku |
| 10 |
ju |
Ranks
| yonkyu |
4th kyu |
| sankyu |
3rd kyu |
| nikyu |
2nd kyu |
| ikkyu |
1st kyu |
| shodan |
1st dan |
| nidan |
2nd dan |
| sandan |
3rd dan |
| yondan |
4th dan |
| godan |
5th dan |
| rokudan |
6th dan |
| shichidan |
7th dan |
| hachidan |
8th dan |
| kudan |
9th dan |
| judan |
10th dan |
|
